I am posting the names of U.S. states in Simplified (Mainland) Chinese characters and their Pinyin equivalents. I found some are really creative in their “sinicizations” (e.g. Connecticut and New York). Others are very abbreviated (e.g. California). When a language pronounces foreign place names differently or uses a completely different name, e.g. in English, Bangkok; in Thai, Krung Thep, the former name is an exonym.
Chinese, more often than not, abbreviates place names to their first two syllables, making some places like South Carolina and New Hampshire almost far removed from their original names, especially since the first words are literally translated or calqued.
I looked up most of the names in the dictionary by primezero.com, a Chinese language specialty site. Each character will take you to that character’s definition in the dictionary if you’re curious about what each one means. By the way, if you don’t read about Pinyin first, chances are you will be pronouncing it wrong if you try reading it like in English.
Alabama 阿拉巴马 ā lā bā mă
Alaska 阿拉斯加 ā lā sī jiā
Arizona 亚利桑那 yà lì sāng nà
- Note: the last two characters also mean “sauna”, which implies the climate of this state
Arkansas 阿肯色 ā kĕn sè
California 加州 jiā zhōu
Connecticut 康涅狄格 kāng niè dí gé
Colorado 科罗拉多 kē luó lā duō
Delaware 特拉华 tè lā huá
Florida 佛罗里达 fú luó lĭ dá
Georgia 佐治亚 zuŏ zhì yà
Hawaii 夏威夷 xià wēi yí
Idaho 爱达荷 ài dá hé
Illinois 伊利诺斯 yī lì nuò sī
Indiana 印第安纳 yìn dì ān nà
Iowa 艾奥瓦 ài ào wă
Kansas 堪萨斯 kān sà sī
Kentucky 肯塔基 kĕn tă jī
- Note: Kentucky Fried Chicken is “肯德基炸鸡” kĕn dé jī zhá jī
- Mmm…chicken
Louisiana 路易斯安那 lù yì sī ān nă
Maine 缅因 miăn yīn
Maryland 马里兰 mă lĭ lán
Massachusetts 马萨诸塞 mă sà zhū sài (!)
Michigan 密歇根 mì xiē gēn
Minnesota 明尼苏达 míng ní sū dá
Mississippi 密西西比 mì xī xī bĭ
Missouri 密苏里 mì sū lĭ
Montana 蒙大拿 méng dà ná
Nebraska 内布拉斯加 nèi bù lā sī jiā
Nevada 内华达 nèi huá dá
New Hampshire 新罕布什尔 xīn hăn bù shén ĕr
New Jersey 新泽西 xīn zé xī
New Mexico 新墨西哥 xīn mò xī gē
New York 纽约 niŭ yuē
North Carolina 北卡罗来纳 bĕi kă luó lái nà
North Dakota 北达科他 bĕi dá kē tā
Ohio 俄亥俄 é hài é
Oklahoma 奧克拉荷马 ào kè lā hé mă
Oregon 俄勒冈 é lè gāng
Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚 bīn xī fă ní yà
Rhode Island 罗得岛 luó dé dăo
South Carolina 南卡罗来纳 nán kă luó lái nà zhōu
South Dakota 南达科他 nán dá kē tā
Tennessee 田纳西 tián nà xī
Texas 德克萨斯 dé kè sà sī (or) 德州 dé zhōu
Utah 犹他 yóu tā
Vermont 佛蒙特 fó méng tè (!)
Virginia 弗吉尼亚 fú jí ní yà
Washington 华盛顿州 huá shèng dùn zhōu
West Virginia 西弗吉尼亚 xī fú jí ní yà
Wisconsin 威斯康星 wēi sī kāng xīng
Wyoming 怀俄明 huái é míng